Human Trafficking Should Be Stopped For Multiple Reasons

Human trafficking is criminal activity in which humans such as men, women, and children are consider as possessions for involuntary labor or prostitution. Although human trafficking is thought of being a problem only in other countries, it is also a growing problem in the United States, and should be stopped for multiple reasons. Many Americans do not have to deal with human trafficking as a part of their daily lives and only assume that it happens in foreign countries or in movies. In reality this issue is already in our states and closer to our communities than most of Americans realize. The federal government reports that 17,500 people are trafficked into our country yearly, and that these estimates do not capture the number of individuals trafficked within our borders each year (Black Daine). The thing that is the most shocking about this statistics is that the most at risk are the children. The average age for a girl to enter human trafficking is around twelve to fourteen years, while boys is from eleven to thirteen (Black Daine). Those groups include children who are ethic minorities, gay, and abused. Other children who could be accustomed to this life style are children who have been kicked out of their homes, being in juvenile detention, foster care, or those whose families are homeless. When human trafficking began to be discovered in the Department’s Annual Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, that is when the United States Department of State beganShow MoreRelatedHuman Trafficking Is The Illegal Act Of The Trading Of Human Beings1510 Words   |  7 PagesHuman trafficking is the illegal act of the trading of human beings for the main purposes of sexual slavery, and forced labor. The 1400’s was the beginning of the African slave trade and has been going on ever since. This crime started in the 1400s and has been ongoing ever since, growing exponentially every decade. This crime is a violation of human rights and yet it is happening worldwide, even here in the United States. This needs to be stopped because victims in this system experience physicalRead MoreVictims of Trafficking Protection Act Essay1716 Words   |  7 Pages2009). This is an imperative feature and I think that it should be implemented throughout every single piece of legislat ion that deals with trafficking. Countries should be held accountable if they do not comply. The only way that sex trafficking can be officially over is if every single country complies with all the legislation. The United States looks at six different factors when deciding if they have met the criteria for eliminating trafficking. The United States looks at whether the country has investigatedRead MoreOrgan Trafficking Essay1551 Words   |  7 Pagesmarket. The organ trade is one of the fastest growing and least enforced trafficking crimes throughout the globe today (Glazer 341). Sarah Glazer claims in Organ Trafficking that 5,000 to 10,000 of the 100,000 transplanted organs are obtained illegally each year (341). Although the laws passed and organizations founded have delayed the escalation of organ trafficking, the selling and distribution of compensated organs should remain illegal and suppressed beyond the efforts gave today in order toRead MoreHuman Trafficking : Modern Da y Slavery1604 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Trafficking One of the most serious crimes worldwide, human trafficking is the buying, selling, and transportation of people for the use of sexual exploitation, forced labor, or organ removal. â€Å"Human trafficking is modern-day slavery and involves the use of force, fraud, or coercion to obtain some type of labor or commercial sex act.† (What is human trafficking Homeland) It happens in the United States and foreign countries. Many people do not see it happening, but in fact it is happeningRead MoreHuman Trafficking : Modern Day Slavery1732 Words   |  7 PagesHaley Gooding Mrs. Gallos English 3 Honors 6 April 2017 Human Trafficking One of the most serious crimes worldwide, human trafficking is the buying, selling, and transportation of people for the use of sexual exploitation, forced labor, or organ removal. â€Å"Human trafficking is modern-day slavery and involves the use of force, fraud, or coercion to obtain some type of labor or commercial sex act.† (What is human trafficking Homeland) It happens in the United States and foreign countries. Many peopleRead MoreThe Issue Of Human Trafficking1481 Words   |  6 Pages Human trafficking is defined by the United Nations as the acquisition of people by improper means such as force, fraud or deception, with the aim of exploiting them. Unfortunately, human trafficking is a crime that occurs globally with many men, women, and children being forced to work as laborers and or sex workers. As is the case with many crimes, the statistics regarding human trafficking are sensationalized, making it seem as if it is more prevalent than it actually is. Many tag the SuperRead MoreThe Cybersecurity Act ( Cybersecurity )1708 Words   |  7 Pagescybersecurity protection then hackers would easily be able to get important information that we need to protect ourselves, and the country, if there were to be very important information leaked to either cyber-criminals, terrorists or hackers then multiple people or America itself may be in trouble. Many businesses, trade groups, government officials, and civil liberty groups will be protected by the Cybersecurity Act, al so it gives people, the government, and money more privacy then they have alreadyRead MoreMan On The Market : How Much Would You Sell Yourself For?1872 Words   |  8 Pagesincrease of human traffic and violence in Serbia. By bringing awareness to Serbia’s critical problems it can affect the nation vastly, in hopes of a positive outcome. There are many ways people around the world are helping out with these issues, in the United States there are people asking for help by petitioning human trafficking in public areas, having a human trafficking hotline, and also by donating and starting fundraisers; however human traffic remains a growing issue. Human trafficking– a formRead MoreEssay on Sex Trafficking1731 Words   |  7 Pages Sex trafficking is essentially systemic rape for profit. Force, fraud and coercion are used to control the victim’s behavior which may secure the appearance of consent to please the buyer (or john). Behind every transaction is violence or the threat of violence (Axtell par. 4). Just a decade ago, only a third of the countries studied by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime had legislation against human trafficking. (Darker Side, par.1) Women, children, and even men are taken from theirRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legalized?1946 Words   |  8 PagesLegalize Prostitution When it comes to the topic of prostitution, some of us will readily agree that it is harmful for men and women. Where this agreement usually ends, however, is on the question of should prostitution be legalized. Whereas some are convinced that women and men should be allowed to do what they please with their bodies and the legalization of prostitution would cause the decrease of STD’s and rapes. Others maintain that prostitution is not a mainstream job and can cause psychological

How Genetics And Environment Affect A Child s Behaviors

Many researchers argue whether genetics or the environment, play a greater factor in the future behaviors of children. Some articles did experiments which indicated nature is a strong possibility in children’s behaviors; while the opposing articles experiments showed that nurture is also a strong determinant. The goal for this paper is to show how genetics and environment both affect a child’s behaviors. The first professional article that was read is called â€Å"The Role of Nature and Nurture for Individual Differences in Primary Emotional Systems: Evidence from a Twin Study† by Christian Montag, Elisabeth Hahn, Frank M. Spinath, Martin Reuter, Ken Davis, and Jaak Panksepp. The conductors of the experiment believe that primary emotional systems are important to finding out more about the psychological reasons for disorders in human beings. So the experiment they decided to do was on how important genetics and environment play a major role in the differences between twins. The twin’s emotions were measured using the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS) some of the participants involved were twins already in past experiments. These participants were found from Professor Dr. Spinath’s online experiment (Twin Game) it is a study of twin’s internet consumption and how it changes their personalities. The participants for the online game have to be at least 18 years of age. The twins fill out a questionnaire independently and it takes about an hour or so to finish. TheShow MoreRelatedIs Problematic Behavior Genetics Or Learned?952 Words   |  4 PagesProblematic Behavior Genetics or Learned? : A Review of Literature Psychologists have been studying problematic behaviors for years. In some cases problematic behaviors can come from the same household and act totally different from one another. That’s what sparked researchers to try and figure out whether the behavior was learned, genetics, or is it from the person’s(infants, toddlers, adolescents, teens , and adults) environment. In order to figure out whether kids behaviors are genetic or if theyRead MoreBehavioral Genetics : How Does Genes Influence Brains Behavior1600 Words   |  7 PagesBehavioral Genetics: How does Genes Influence Ones Behavior Many believe that the environment such as the individuals people associate with, the extracurricular activities people are involved in, the music people listen to, including things shown on tv and video games all influence behavior. Though all of the things listed above are said to be true, and do indeed play a role in behavior. There are major things inside the body that trigger peoples behavioral responses. Those major things are calledRead MoreHuman Behavior: Nature vs. Nurture Essay1733 Words   |  7 Pagesthe degree to which our environment and heredity, affects our behavior and developmental stages. According to this debate, nature can be described as, the behavior of a person is occurring because of their genetic makeup. Since the behavior of a person is due to their genetic makeup, then, it (nature) should also influence a person’s growth and development for the duration of their life. However, the nurture side of the debate says, the cause for an individual’s behavior is because of environmentalRead MoreThe Environment : Shaping People Into Who They Are1188 Words   |  5 PagesThe Environment: Shaping People into Who They Are A recent study conducted by Dr. Matthews, the head of Division of Child and Youth Psychiatry at Saskatoon, stated Statistically, ten percent of the young population s [behaviors] are considered abnormal (Matthews). When a child begins misbehaving, many parents struggle to understand why their child is acting that way. The root of the problem lies in the environment that the child is raised in. The development of children s behaviors is determinedRead MoreGenetics Human Behavior Essay1351 Words   |  6 PagesGenetics Human Behavior The world of Genetics is one that is both fascinating and interesting. When tackling how genetics plays a role in behavior, one must look within the scope of what genetics is before dealing with how it plays a significant role in one’s behavior. Simply put, genetics is the study of genes. It is a biological component within the entire study of biology itself. Scientists who study genetics and perform research do so with the intent to learn more aboutRead MoreNature Vs. Nurture Debate878 Words   |  4 Pages When one thinks about child development, are personalities and traits produced by genetics or shaped by the environment? Or, is there a relationship between nature and nurture with regards to child development? The debate continues. While some believe â€Å"nature and nurture work together, others believe they are separate and opposing influences† (McDevitt, 2010). Nature vs Nurture In regards to the nature vs. nurture debate, â€Å"this debate is a major issue in many social science disciplines and isRead MoreNature vs. Nurture1218 Words   |  5 Pagesresponsible for these differences? Is it simply that they are two different people with different interests and preferences? Or did the environments that they grew up in play a part in making who they are? In the nature vs. nurture controversy, nature proclaims that our genetic make-up plays the primary role in human development, while nurture declares that our environment dictates our development. The nature vs. nurture controversy is an age old question in the scientific and psychological world withRead MoreChild Development: Heredity and Environment1240 Words   |  5 Pagesor even environment versus heredity leads to the question of: does the direct environment or the nature surrounding an adolescent directly influence acts of delinquency, later progressing further into more radical crimes such as murder or psychotic manifestation, or is it directly linked to the hereditary traits and genes passed down from that individual adolescent’s biological parents? To answer this question one must first understand the difference between nature, nurture, environment, and heredityRead MoreChildhood Obesity Is A Growing Epidemic1297 Words   |  6 PagesChildhood obesity is a growing epidemic. The UK has estimated through their schools’ National Child Measurement Program that one-third of the children there are overweight, and by 2050 that number could rise to an alarmi ng two-thirds (Phillips 2). There are many uncontrollable factors in childhood obesity such as the environment, income and genetics. However, parents are the most overlooked factor. Our children’s futures, with regard to their eating habits, are in the hands of their parents. UltimatelyRead MoreThe Effects Of Genetic Traits And Society Impact On Child Development1479 Words   |  6 Pagesmany factors affecting child development, and currently there is an ongoing debate comparing the effect of genetic traits and societies impact . Even though hereditary traits affect development, society has a greater effect on child development. This is because learning environment, socialization, and interaction with family and friends can impact a child in a number of ways that affect how they develop.Children s medical services describes child development as : Child development is typically

Lord of the Flies Literary Analysis Essay - 709 Words

Greed for Power In the novel Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, a group of English boys in their adolescence are stranded on an island. They crash-land while being evacuated because of an atomic war, so the boys must learn to cooperate with each other in order to survive. The boys are civil at first, but the bonds of civilization unfold as the rapacity for power and immediate desires become more important than civility and rescue. The conflict between Ralph, the protagonist, and Jack, the antagonist, represents the conflict between the impulse to civilization and the impulse to savagery, respectively. In Lord of the Flies, Golding uses Ralph and Jack’s struggle for power to show that greed and lust for power can corrupt the best†¦show more content†¦The conch was used to call meetings and whosoever held it, had the power to speak. Jack starts to disobey the conch because he is turning more and more savage-like. â€Å"[T]hey closed in on the struggling pig, knowle dge that they had outwitted a living thing, imposed their will upon it, taken away its life like a long satisfying drink,† thought Jack. As the story progresses, Jack realizes he wants to kill pigs, not keep fires going for rescue. Jack shouted, â€Å"We don’t need the conch anymore.† At this point in the novel, Golding is showing the reader that because Jack is lusting for power, he is turning into a ferocious monster. By turning into a savage, he has lost all sense of civilization and democracy. By the end of the novel, Jack has become a full blown barbarian. He is so caught up in killing pigs that he no longer listens to Ralph. He tries to become chief again and fails. Because of that, he starts his own tribe on the other side of the island where all they do is hunt pigs. The boys that follow him are transformed into the savage that he is. â€Å"Here, struck down by the heat, the sow fell and the hunters hurled themselves at her†¦Jack was on top of the s ow, stabbing downward with his knife. Roger found a lodgment for his point and began to push till he was leaning with his whole weight. The spear moved forward inch by inch†¦ [t]hen Jack found the throat and the hot blood spouted over his hands.† Jack and his followers were demoralized and taintedShow MoreRelatedLord Of The Flies Literary Analysis Essay1657 Words   |  7 Pagesnovel, Lord of the Flies, is a tale like no other. It’s a story of perseverance, determination, survival, and emotion. Golding does a superb job displaying these traits and so many more throughout this story of fighting, not for your life, but to the death. The authors style is one unlike any other I’ve read. I love emotion. I’m not sure if it’s the way it makes me feel or how it can help me relate to the reading, but for some reason I love it. That’s why my favorite style displayed in Lord of theRead MoreEssay about Lord of the Flies Literary Analysis1283 Words   |  6 PagesSymbolism is a very important factor in many books. The use of symbolism in William Golding’s novel The Lord of the Flies is the most essential aspect to the function of the story. At first glance you may not think the symbols are very important, but with some in-depth thought you can see how it is necessary to explain the microcosm of an island. The conch shell is the opening symbol in the novel and lasts roughly to the very end of the story. The conch is found by Ralph and Piggy, which they useRead MoreLord of The Flies Essay1673 Words   |  7 PagesLord of the Flies was published in 1954 by William Golding. Today Lord of the Flies is a well known literary criticism. Many schools require their students to read Lord of the Flies because of the literary criticisms in the book. In this paper three themes or literary criticisms are talked about: good vs. evil, symbolism of characters, and maturity of characters. Another topic in Goldings Lord of the Flies is the battle of good vs. evil. Everything seems to start out just fine on the island; theRead MoreNotes On Progressions And Regressions 974 Words   |  4 Pagesnoticed in my writing. The very first essay we had I scored fairly average for it being the first essay of the class. It had lacked many elements such as essay content, word choice, as well as grammar and mechanics. An example from that essay would be †Which holds the reader at the end of their seat† that was one of the many colloquialisms or in other words informal language usages I had in The Lord of the Flies Literary Analysis essay. Where in the most recent essay I only had minor issues such as grammarRead MoreHow To Write Literary Analysis4174 Words   |  17 PagesHow To Write Literary Analysis The Literary Essay: A Step-by-Step Guide When you read for pleasure, your only goal is enjoyment. You might find yourself reading to get caught up in an exciting story, to learn about an interesting time or place, or just to pass time. Maybe you’re looking for inspiration, guidance, or a reflection of your own life. There are as many different, valid ways of reading a book as there are books in the world. When you read a work of literature in an English classRead MoreArchetype Analysis of Lord of the Flies2467 Words   |  10 Pageshis first writing Lord of the Flies, in which symbolism is wildly used and attributes lots of symbolic meanings to the characters and events. The story thus becomes vivid and profound. This paper aims at using Swiss psychologist Carl Gustav Jung’s collective unconscious and archetypal theories to interpret the archetypes of characters, natural scenes and themes. Key words: symbolism, Lord of the Flies, collective unconscious, archetypal theory 0. Introduction Lord of the Flies is the masterpieceRead MoreStudy Guide Literary Terms7657 Words   |  31 Pages AP Literary and Rhetorical Terms 1. 2. alliteration- Used for poetic effect, a repetition of the initial sounds of several words in a group. The following line from Robert Frosts poem Acquainted with the Night provides us with an example of alliteration,: I have stood still and stopped the sound of feet. The repetition of the s sound creates a sense of quiet, reinforcing the meaning of the line 3. allegory – Where every aspect of a story is representative, usually symbolicRead MoreEssay Writing9260 Words   |  38 PagesThe Essay Writing Process In Greek legend, the goddess of wisdom, Athena, was born fully armed from the head of Zeus. Unfortunately, this is the only recorded instance of instant wisdom. Especially in the medium of the written word, the communication of complex ideas is a process—a process that requires thinking and rethinking, working and reworking. The student who claims to have dashed off an A essay at one in the morning the night before it was due is either a liar or a genius. ThisRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1819 Words   |  8 PagesMost of the time, the smallest detail yields the biggest impact. In William Golding’s Lord of the Flies, Golding’s inclusion of minute details helps to strongly communicate his theme of man’s innate darkness. On the other hand, Peter Brook’s film, Lord of the Flies, lacks some of the details required to convey Golding’s message properly. Because the novel includes the necessary details to convey the idea of mankind’s inner darkness and violence, the novel conveys Golding’s theme more effectivelyRead More African American Culture through Oral Tradition Essays3405 Words   |  14 PagesAfrican American Culture through Oral Tradition African American folktales have origins rooted in West African literary and cultural forms of expression. When Africans were taken from their homeland and brought to America as slaves, they also brought with them their individual cultures, languages and customs. However, their white slaveholders suppressed this part of their heritage in them. Thus they had to find other ways of expression, mainly story telling and songs. It is incredible to see how

Marketing For Children A Social Problem As It Has...

I do think marketing to children is a social problem as it has created materialistic values among young beings. Their minds are continuously stimulated by the fact that they are inferior to others if they don’t have what they see being advertised on daily basis. There is no end to these products as companies are in completion themselves and are bringing up new product often than ever been. The entire venture of marketing is about making insecure individuals who believe they have to buy things to be cheerful. Highlight Consuming Kids highlight on the acts of a steady multi-billion dollar marketing machine that now offers kids and their folks everything from junk food and fierce computer games to educational products. Drawing on†¦show more content†¦The outcomes of widespread publicizing are prominent in the physical and emotional well being of a child as they take part less every now and again in dynamic, creative play and more time is spent on visualized gadgets. A child advocate says in the movie We have laws about child safety, putting protective caps on children, tobacco showcasing to kids, however by one means or another we believe it s OK to make kids reasonable diversion to advertisers who need to benefit from them, regardless of the effect on their well-being and prosperity. Ethical Dilemma and Conflict For all the significant accomplishments organizations are making as corporate citizens, the issue of their real impact on society - and what accordingly society may really require from them – brings up the issue of whether we are defining what is expected to be socially responsible. The market for youngsters items and food is tremendous. Parents from one viewpoint experience considerable difficulties in raising their children the way they want to, on the other hand, children are increasingly affected by commercialization that regularly conflicts with what parents are attempting to do. Indeed, even in industrialized societies, where governments and campaigners battle for better child advertising standards, or enhanced food quality, industry battles back leaning toward self-control (which infrequently happens, or is purposefully weak), and argue that it is an

Shutter Island Free Essays

The movie I chose to watch is called â€Å"Shutter Island†. Shutter Island, released in February 2010, is a psychological thriller directed by Martin Scorsese. The story is set in Boston in 1954. We will write a custom essay sample on Shutter Island or any similar topic only for you Order Now The main character is a U. S Marshal, named Teddy Daniels, played by Leonardo Dicaprio. Teddy plays the role of a U. S Marshal. He is assigned to investigate a missing patient from Boston’s Shutter Island Ashecliffe Hospital along with this partner Chuck. The patient they are trying to find is named Rachel Solando. She had been admitted to this hospital because she had drowned her 3 kids. As he began his investigation he soon begins to realise that this place isn’t what it seems to be. As the movie begins, Daniels and his partner are shown traveling to Shutter Island to investigate the disappearance of a patient from a mental hospital. However, as the plot unravels we see that Daniels has a mental disorder of his own. Teddy seems to have more than one disorder or mental illness due to all the things he’s been through. One of the illness’s he has is Dissociative Identity Disorder. He shows two very distinct identities. He switches from being a mental patient who murdered his wife, to being a U. S Marshal investigating a mental institution. When he is in one identity he forgets about his other one. He also experiences many hallucinations, where he thinks he’s seeing a certain object but it really isn’t there and that is a symptom of the identity disorder. An identity that is not in control may nonetheless gain access to a consciousness by producing visual hallucinations. In this movie Teddy has a lot of sudden migraines, It is said that an individual who has an identity disorder will experience migraines, asthma attacks and bowel syndrome. He also has Schizophrenia. He constantly experiences hallucinations and is occupied with one or more at a time. Another disorder that is presented is Delusional Disorder. How to cite Shutter Island, Essay examples

Mechanical Engineering

Question : Discuss about theModelling Techniques of Mechanical Engineering ? Answer : Introduction The paper has been for the aquifer water movement into or out of the oil or the gas reservoirs. This is based on the aquifers which are mainly for the maintenance of the pressure, with the balance of the material and the well-flooded calculations. For this, the gas storage operations work on the movement of water and the prediction of the pressure with the pore volume behaviour. Through this, there have been volume which has been occupied by the reservoir fluid where the flow model has been used for the idealised and the mathematical representation of the water flow. It is based on the prediction setup of the movement of water where there is a need for selecting the flow model and to handle the reservoir aquifer system. The quantity is based on computing the reservoir pressure and then working on the water-influx rates which are able to predict and handle the amount of the gas reservoir pressure and the pore volume performance for the gas-in-place schedule. (Abdulkarim, 2015). With t his, the model has been applied for the reservoir performances which is set by the thick sand model with the radial flow Modelling Techniques The prediction of the water movement need to work on the flow model for the reservoir aquifer system where there has been a detailed flow model to date the radial flow. The horizontal approach includes the interface between the reservoir fluid and the water of the aquifer with the proper depth set for the underlying the reservoir. The bottom-water drive will be able to handle the 3D model which accounts mainly for the pressure gradients and the other flow of the water system in a vertical direction. This is working in a detailed description through the formulation of the governing behaviour to solution of the equation. The model mainly accounts for the cases of the vertical permeability which is set in equal to the fraction of the horizontal permeability pattern. (Naderi et al., 2016). The drop of pressure values can easily be used to predict the reservoir from the water-influx rates. It includes the prediction of the water-influx when a known reservoir pressure is there. The gravity includes the analysis of the patterns where there has no major effect on the flow of the homogenous fluid and the other boundary conditions. Hence, the gravity acceleration is zero when there is a final result is found to be unchanged. The pressure distribution can easily be altered by the inclusion of the analysis of the gravity with the time constant hydrostatic head. The equations are working on the development and prediction of the pressure with the pore-volume behaviour for gas storage. The prediction is also based on the bottom reservoir performance on the bottom water drive model which completely differs from the other horizontal flow model which are based on van Everdingen and Hurst. (Osman et al., 2015). The problem is based on the physical interpretation which is for the practical significance. It includes the gravity in the analysis with the trivial pattern that has no effect on the flow of the homogenous patterns with the compressing fluid with the fixed boundary system which is subjected to the boundary conditions. The gravity acceleration is zero where the final results is found to be unchanged. The pressure distribution is based on alteration by including of the gravity. The time-constant hydrostatic head is based on applying the prediction the pressure and the pore-volume behaviour of the gas storage reservoir. The edge water drive flow model can easily be treated by the Everdingen and Hurst which includes the thickness of the aquifer h which is small in relation to the reservoir or the radius r. The water is easily able to invade and recede from the field at the edge of the latter where there have been horizontal radial flow which are seen in the figure. The bottom water-drive reservoir aquifer system has been properly sketched. The thickness of the aquifer is h is based on the relation to r where the flow of the water is in and out of the reservoir for the rough horizontal reservoir fluid interface. (Spain et al., 2015). The aquifer is considered to be holding the right circular cylinder of the height h and the radius at the exterior which. There have been upper and the lower faces which are found to be impermeable except for the portions of the face which is at the upper side and intersected by the reservoir. The formation of the aquifer is considered to be constant but completely unequa l to handle the permeability in the direction set in the horizontal and the vertical direction. The consideration is also about the average vertical permeability which is equal to the average of the horizontal permeability that is set in the aquifers with a thin and the shale streaks in discontinuous manner. The fraction taken is 1 and the applications for this thick model is considered to be homogenous. The petroleum reservoirs are set in contact with the aquifers which provide the support through the influx of water. The prediction is based on the behaviour of accurate aquifer model. The flow geometry is with the reservoir aquifer system which has been the edge water and the bottom water drive. The edge water drive where the patterns are based on radial diffusivity equation. The assumptions are based on the better model with coats that has been model which takes into account for the vertical flow effects. The objective is based on the development of the depletion strategy for the active bottom water drive reservoir which improves the oil recovery with the reduction of the water production. It is mainly due to the coning, with the delay water breakthrough time and then pre-identifying the well to work on excessive water production. (Codrington et al., 2016). Limitations and Challenges Considering the knowledge of the solution, the diffusive equation has been mainly to govern the water movement aquifer which is set about the bottom water drive reservoir. With this, there have been validity for the radial infinite aquifers are set. The other pattern obtained is the use of the finite Hankel transformation which is for the aquifers to handle the fitness degrees. The significance is to show the difference which arise mainly in between the performance of the field that is set by the thick sand and the radial flow model in horizontal manner. The focus has been on the pressure gradients in the vertical direction which is set mainly due to the water flow. The calculations are for the aquifer water movement which is set for handling the material balance and the well flooding calculations. In gas storage operations work on the water movement where the prediction of the pressure and the pore-volume behaviour. The term includes the denoting the volume which has been occupied b y the fluid of the reservoir. (Hosseini et al., 2016). The physical reasonable flow model has been set accordingly to the radial flow model by van Everdingen and Hurst. The cases are depending upon the situations on the aquifer with the horizontal interface between the fluid of the reservoir and the aquifer water. The significance is based on bottom water drive will occur as per the 3D model accounting for the pressure gradients and the flow of water. The vertical direction works on the formulation of the governing of the partial differential equation to solution. The model is based on the vertical permeability which equals to the horizontal permeability. The pressure drop works on the equations to predict the reservoir pressure which is from the known water influx rate with the water influx rate. Possible Outcomes The focus has been on the increased emphasis of the models with the resistance curve technique which oppose the flow model. The latter approach has been a major necessity that involves the idealisation that involves the different reservoirs mainly to handle the geometry of the aquifer and the homogeneity. The objection is about the arising the cases which violate based on the resistance curve methods. This also includes the objections of the no assumptions that concern about the aquifer geometry and the homogeneity that involves the determination of the resistance curve. (Codrington et al., 2016). The pattern is for the resistance curve method where the will is mainly to replace the model method in the long run with the increased ease and accuracy for calculating the water movement. The method has been set depending upon the edge-water drive gas field gas which has been carried out in effective manner. The different degree of success is set to match the field behaviour through the us e of the horizontal flow of the radial model. With this, the reflection is on the different degrees to which the model has been working based on the idealization process. In present, there are certain flow models which are mainly to provide with the useful tool with the prediction set of the reservoir performance. The standards are based on comparison to the resistance curves which are obtained from the field data through a proper reliable method. The example is the pertinence to the resistance curves which might be for the comparison to the different models. Reference Abdulkarim, M., 2015.Development of Coning Correlations for Oil Rim Reservoirs using Experimental Design and Response Surface Methodology(Doctoral dissertation). Osman, A.I.A., Alsayed, H.A. and Elshaikh, M., 2015.Evaluation of Cyclic Steam Stimulation (CSS) Implemented in Bamboo Field(Doctoral dissertation, Sudan University of Science and Technology). Naderi, M. and Khamehchi, E., 2016. Nonlinear risk optimization approach to water drive gas reservoir production optimization using DOE and artificial intelligence.Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,31, pp.575-584. Naderi, M., Rostami, B. and Khosravi, M., 2015. Effect of heterogeneity on the productivity of vertical, deviated and horizontal wells in water drive gas reservoirs.Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,23, pp.481-491. Spain, D.R., Naidu, R., Dawson, W., Merletti, G.D., Kumar, R. and Guo, D.Y., 2015, November. Integrated Workflow for Selecting Hydraulic Fracture Initiation Points in the Khazzan Giant Tight Gas Field, Sultanate of Oman. InAbu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers. Al-Mudhafar, W.J., Rao, D.N. and Nasab, S.H., 2016, August. Optimization of Cyclic CO2 Flooding through the Gas Assisted Gravity Drainage Process under Geological Uncertainties. InECMOR XIV-15th European Conference on the Mathematics of Oil Recovery. Codrington, K., Nancoo-Ali, D., Leung, D., Calvert, P., Nouwens, N. and Harris, D., 2016, June. A Review of Water Reduction Techniques for Open Hole Gravel Pack Completions. InSPE Trinidad and Tobago Section Energy Resources Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers. Hosseini-Nasab, S.M., Padalkar, C., Battistutta, E. and Zitha, P.L., 2016. Mechanistic Modelling of the Alkaline/Surfactant/Polymer Flooding Process at Sub-Optimum Salinity Conditions for Enhanced Oil Recovery.Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research. Kashefi, K., Pereira, L.M., Chapoy, A., Burgass, R. and Tohidi, B., 2016. Measurement and modelling of interfacial tension in methane/water and methane/brine systems at reservoir conditions.Fluid Phase Equilibria,409, pp.301-311. Mechanical Engineering Question : What is the Mechanical Engineering ? Answer : Introduction For a construction company, buying equipment is better than taking on rent. A Saudi-based company RAM Contracting has expertise in construction, development of residential and commercial projects ("RAM Contracting - Construction, Engineering Company Riyadh, Saudi Arabia", 2016). The company wants to expand its working area, so taken up a government project of developing an underground metro-rail (Auctioneers, 2014). The technical department has come up with a demand of particular equipment Suction Excavator. The team decides to rent the equipment from a well-known construction equipment company. The report covers the points that clarify why it is better to make the purchase of twenty Excavators rather than taking twenty-four excavators on hire basis. Studies show that the purchase of equipment by a company is much more beneficial for it. It is a one-time investment and proves to be an asset for the company in the coming future. Though a huge amount of capital will be required to make the purchase, it is going to come back to the company in the form of profits. All the points are discussed in detail in the given report (Edwards Holt, 2010). Method The construction team of RAM Construction Company of Riyadh has kept a requirement of suction excavators for the construction of the underground metro-rail project. To find out what is better renting or buying of equipment few necessary points was considered. Current Financial Situation- the obvious factor is that the company has the financial stability to make the purchases. Buying the heavy equipment like suction excavators requires huge capital, but renting which seems a small expense cumulatively becomes a large amount. Financial support can be taken in the form of a loan or used equipment in good condition can also be purchased (Kim Lee, 2015). Cost Estimation- The estimate of the cost of equipment renting and buying is another factor that was considered. There are many expenses like insurance, maintenance, other such fees that are needed to be paid if the company owns the equipment, but if the equipment is rented then also all these expenses are given by the company because they will be added to the rent of the equipment. The length of the project- the project taken up by the company is for approximately two years, and a company is looking for more such projects in future. In the long run, the purchased equipment will prove to be more beneficial as they can be used in the future projects also which will reduce their expenses (Kim, Ha, Kang, Kim, Park, Park, 2013). Equipment availability- owning equipment will never face a problem of non-availability of the equipment. In renting, there is no surety of the availability of the equipment when required that will not only waste the expensive time of labour but increase the cost of the project. Inventory control- if the equipment is purchased then it will give flexibility to the project. If the project is for three months but gets extended for another two months, there will be no issues with availability of equipment. One can always sell the equipment once the work gets completed and earn its money back (Lindsay, 2015). A table is included here that help in determining the better option in terms of costing:- Cost of renting equipment Cost of owning equipment Pickup/delivery charge + Rental rate (per year/month/day) x rental period (number of years/months/days) = total rental cost Purchase cost + maintenance, delivery, insurance (ownership costs) - resale value = total ownership cost Rental period/ Total rental cost = rental cost per year/month/day Ownership period/ Total ownership cost = ownership cost per year/month/day Total rental cost / expected hours of use = rental cost per hour of use Expected hours of use/ Total ownership cost = ownership cost per hour of use (Tapio Lindman, 2007). Scheduling The purchases of the equipment need to be done immediately as the starting part of the project include the use of suction excavators to dig the ground for the underground metro-rail projects. If the equipment is purchased, then the work could be started within a week of the purchases and scheduling the duties. The requirement of twenty suction excavators is given by the department. It the starting only five suction excavators will be required as the work will be starting in a smaller area. As the area will increase the requirement of the suction excavators will also increase. After a months work another ten suction excavators will be required and after fifteen days all the suction excavators will be required to complete the job (Mahajan Rajput, 2013). Capabilities The suction excavators if purchased then they will be of the conditions that the company requires for the job. Twenty purchased suction excavators can handle the work of twenty-four rented suction excavators. The cost of hiring the driver for the excavators will also be less than renting. Suction Excavators are good for the projects as they help in creating a hole in the ground with the help of air or water. Due to this technique, the earth gets loosen and the risk of damaging the underground utility reduce to the minimum (RAM Contracting - Construction, Engineering Company Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 2016). Material and Equipment AtlasCopco Company from Germany has been selected for the purchasing of the suction excavators. The company is giving twenty suction excavators at a price negotiated by the purchase department. They will be bearing the transportation cost of the equipment till it reaches Saudi Arabia and the rest will be bear by the company. They will be supplying five suction excavators within five days of order and the rest of the fifteen excavators after twenty days (Rezazadeh Azar, McCabe, 2012). Expected Result The purchased excavators can be used in two shifts of day and night, which will get the first leg of work done within twenty days. The second leg of work will be completed in the next month as the covering area is very large. The last leg will again take another month for completion (Smith, 2015). Plan for Evaluating Result The result will be evaluated with the completion of the targeted work in a particular period. For example, if the target is set to use ten suction excavators and dig twenty kilometres of ground in two days, the result will be evaluated after two days, and how much area got dug. The estimated expenses will be compared with the actual expenses that will help in measuring the result of the decision taken (Tapio Lindman, 2007). Feasibility Purchase of Suction Excavators is feasible as follows: - The equipment will be available all the time. No hidden expenses Cost effective Act as an asset for the company The company can sell the equipment after the completion of the project and resale value can be earned (Suction Excavator Solutions | Suction Excavator Solutions Providing the safest solution for all your excavation needs, 2016). Budget The following are the budget details:- Suction Excavator cost $ 24,800 Required suction excavators 20 x 24,800 = $4, 96,000 Transportation cost $ 10,000 Insurance amount 20 x $ 500 = $10,000 Total Amount $ 5, 16,000 Justification In the construction world, tools are as good as a man. The most important tool on a construction job site is the construction equipment. This equipment works for ten men in one-tenth of the time taken by a man. For achieving success in the construction business, a company should have adequate and appropriate equipment available at a moment notice. A company with capital should always purchase its equipment, as in the long run the equipment will turn into profits, which rented equipment will never give. Purchasing the equipment will have no hidden expenses where as when paying rent a company pays all the expenses plus charges for using the machine. As RAM Construction Company is looking forward to more such projects and then the purchased equipment will be very cost effective in the future projects (RAM Contracting - Construction, Engineering Company Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 2016). Conclusion RAM Construction Company of Riyadh is expanding its business by taking an underground Metro-Rail project. The company requires suction excavators for the project. The report discusses why purchasing of the equipment is better than taking on rent. With the given details, the report summarizes the reasons and justification for making the purchase of the excavators for the company. The company is going to gain a lot of benefits from the purchase of the suction excavators. So the report concluded in favour of making the purchase of the suction excavators. References Auctioneers, R. (2014).When to buy or rent heavy equipment five factors to consider. | Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers.Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers. Edwards, D. Holt, G. (2010). Case study analysis of risk from using excavators as cranes.Automation In Construction,19(2), 127-133. Heavy Equipment Lifting Rental Companies in Saudi Arabia. (2016).Aaacgulf.net. Kim, N. Lee, D. (2015). Interaction Analysis between Construction Business Indicators and Business Performance Indicators of Specialty Contractors providing Labor and Small Sized Equipment.Journal Of The Korea Institute Of Building Construction,15(1), 65-71. Kim, Y., Ha, J., Kang, H., Kim, P., Park, J., Park, F. (2013). Dynamically optimal trajectories for earthmoving excavators.Automation In Construction,35, 568-578. Lindsay,. (2015).Is it Better to Lease or Buy Your Construction Equipment? | Construction Marketing Blog.Constructionmarketingassociation.org. Mahajan, D. Rajput, B. (2013). IT Model to Calculate Required Equipment for Excavation Work in Construction Projects.Journal Of Construction Engineering And Project Management,3(4), 1-4. RAM Contracting - Construction, Engineering Company Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. (2016).Ramcc.com. Retrieved 11 December 2016, from https://www.ramcc.com/ Rezazadeh Azar, E. McCabe, B. (2012). Part based model and spatialtemporal reasoning to recognize hydraulic excavators in construction images and videos.Automation In Construction,24, 194-202. Smith, D. (2015).Renting Vs. Buying.Managing Your Business. Suction Excavator Solutions | Suction Excavator Solutions Providing the safest solution for all your excavation needs.. (2016).Suctionexcavatorsolutions.co.uk. Retrieved 11 December 2016, from https://www.suctionexcavatorsolutions.co.uk/ Tapio Lindman, M. (2007). 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